Packet O: Tossup 17

This process is promoted by captodative ethylene groups before [2+2] (“two-plus-two”) cycloaddition reactions. Mercury lamps induce this process in nitrite esters during the first step of the Barton reaction. A rare intracellular form of this process is the first step of the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase reaction mechanism that requires vitamin B12 cofactors. (-5[3])Evolution of nitrogen gas promotes this process in AIBN (“A-I-B-N”), which precedes hydrogen (-5[1])atom abstraction (10[1])for one method of polymerization initiation. This process occurs after hydrogen peroxide is exposed to heat (-5[1])or light (10[1])due to weak oxygen–oxygen (-5[2])bonds. (-5[1])Fishhook arrows are used (10[1])to depict (10[1])this process, which usually generates free radicals. For 10 points, name this type of bond cleavage in which each atom involved (10[1])receives one (10[2])electron. ■END■ (10[5]0[2])

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