tokens - 2026 ACF Regionals

Packet K: Tossup 18

The number of these things is the numerator of a ratio that is empirically optimal at about 20, the Chinchilla point. Computations involving the Q, K, and V vectors generated from these things are stored in a KV cache, (-5[3])which improves a metric (-5[1])called the “time to the first” one of these things. (-5[3])The process of converting an input into these (10[1])things is commonly done (-5[1])using byte-pair encoding. (10[1]-5[1])During (10[1]-5[1])the prefill stage, (10[2])IDs corresponding to these things (-5[1])are embedded into a vector that is then passed through multiple transformer layers. (-5[2])The number of these (10[1])things (10[1])that can be processed at once is the context (10[1])window. (10[3]-5[2])The (10[3])cost (-5[1])of (10[3])AI (10[2])compute (10[3])is often (-5[1])reported (10[1]-5[1])as (-5[1])the price (10[2])per (10[1])one million of these (10[1])things. (-5[5])For (10[1])10 points, (10[1])name these units of text (10[2])that (10[1])large language models (10[1])split queries into and try (10[1])to predict the next one of. (0[1])■END■ (10[13]0[13])

ANSWER: tokens [accept tokenization or tokenizers; accept time to first token; accept next token prediction or answers referring to trying to predict the next token; prompt on token-to-parameter ratio or tokens-per-parameter ratio; prompt on words or subwords or symbols or characters by asking “those are converted into what things?”]

<GC, Other Science> | Packet K - UCF A, Notre Dame B, Durham A, Michigan State A, Swarthmore A, Cambridge B

= Average correct buzzpoint

Back to tossups

Buzzes

Player	Team	Opponent	Buzzpoint	Value
Kevin Ye	Simon Fraser	McGill B	38	-5
Dennis Yang	Michigan B	Michigan A	38	-5
Jerry Vinokurov	John Jay	Rutgers A	38	-5
Jonathan Huang	MIT	Bowdoin B	42	-5
Tianyi Zheng	UCSD C	UC Santa Barbara	52	-5
Ethen Sun	Toronto D	Western B	52	-5
Eric Morshed	Johns Hopkins A	Maryland A	52	-5
Michael Du	Waterloo A	McMaster A	60	10
Aaryan Tomar	Georgia Tech D	Georgia Tech C	64	-5
Colin Veevers	Ottawa	Queen's	67	10
Joy An	Harvard A	Brandeis A	67	-5
Nathaniel Martin	Brandeis B	Brown	68	-5
Mason Yu	Brown	Brandeis B	68	10
Yashwanth Bajji	Michigan A	Michigan B	71	10
John Mitnik	Columbia C	Columbia B	71	10
Michael Wu	Southampton A	Birmingham	76	-5
Yaj Jhajhria	Washington A	Washington B	89	-5
Ali Hamzeh	Edinburgh A	Warwick A	89	-5
Charles Hang	WashU A	Georgia Tech B	93	10
Karthik Jayaram	UCLA A	UCSD A	94	10
Angelo Pan	CWRU B	Ohio State C	103	10
Jaiden Li	UCSD B	UCLA B	104	-5
Asha Basu	McGill A	Guelph	104	10
Franklin Wu	Toronto C	Toronto G	104	10
Ariel Faeder	Pittsburgh	Ohio State A	104	10
Danny Fisher	Warwick B	Montpellier	104	-5
Jake Markus	Dartmouth B	Bowdoin A	105	10
Oscar Despard	Cambridge A	Imperial B	105	10
Ryan Rosenberg	NYU A	Catholic	105	10
Kevin Liu	Maryland B	NYU C	106	-5
Max Neal	Harvard B	Southern Connecticut State	107	10
Yash Tiwari	Minnesota A	Missouri A	107	10
Nathan Zhao	Maryland C	Johns Hopkins B	107	10
Scott Sibley	UC Irvine	Arizona State	108	10
Rachel Bentham	Manchester	Southampton B	108	10
Prabhjot Chopra	Waterloo B	Carleton University	109	10
Abbott Sherwin	NC State A	James Madison B	109	10
Julian Sung	Oxford C	Cardiff	109	10
Samanyu Dixit	North Carolina C	North Carolina A	111	-5
Cameron Liu	Toronto F	Toronto Metropolitan	112	10
Alina Moore	Tennessee B	Alabama B	112	-5
Jake Meltzer	CWRU A	Ohio State B	113	-5
Owen Banks	Duke	Liberty B	115	10
Audrey Evans	Dartmouth A	Yale	115	10
John McQueen	South Carolina A	James Madison A	116	10
Zachary Bornstein	Virginia Tech B	North Carolina B	120	10
Jason Zhang	Toronto B	UBC A	121	-5
James Watson	Wake Forest	Liberty A	121	-5
Sawyer Smith	Mississipi State	Kentucky	121	-5
Sophie Lyman	WashU B	Vanderbilt B	121	-5
Mark Tawfik	Rutgers B	Columbia A	121	-5
Chris Yoo	William and Mary	South Carolina B	122	10
James Horsley	Iowa State	Missouri B	124	10
Dustin Vali	Western B	Toronto D	129	10
Matthew Sumanen	Georgia Tech C	Georgia Tech D	129	10
Kelvin Ni	NYU B	Georgetown	130	10
Joseph Chambers	Virginia	Liberty C	133	10
Platon Gorokhov	Toronto E	UBC B	138	10
Lucas Johns	Warwick A	Edinburgh A	144	0
Rahul Jogadhenu	UCLA B	UCSD B	145	10
Winston Zuo	UC Santa Barbara	UCSD C	145	10
Jay Misuk	Western C	Brock	145	0
Ellie Wang	Brock	Western C	145	0
Yusuf Baig	McMaster B	Western A	145	0
Nicholas Kwan	Western A	McMaster B	145	0
Charlotte Bauer	McGill B	Simon Fraser	145	10
Matthew Wang	UBC A	Toronto B	145	10
Aditya Patnaik	Ohio State B	CWRU A	145	0
Caleb Hines	Liberty A	Wake Forest	145	0
Nick Smemoe	North Carolina A	North Carolina C	145	0
Orion Keller	Virginia Tech A	VCU	145	10
Jonathan Schnipper	Brandeis A	Harvard A	145	10
Carson Kessler	Washington B	Washington A	145	10
Nathan Woolery	Louisville B	Bruin	145	0
Olivia Kiser	Kentucky	Mississipi State	145	10
Bonham Buchannon	Louisville A	Sewanee	145	0
Parker McCoig	Tennessee A	Alabama A	145	0
Tomas Ospina	Alabama A	Tennessee A	145	0
Davin Sivertson	Alabama B	Tennessee B	145	10
Katie Farthing	Vanderbilt B	WashU B	145	0
Teddy Fogel	Birmingham	Southampton A	145	10
Krishna Girish	Montpellier	Warwick B	145	10
Aiden Dartley	Rutgers A	John Jay	145	0
Andy Yu	Maryland A	Johns Hopkins A	145	10
Yiwei Jiang	NYU C	Maryland B	145	10

Summary

Tournament	Edition	Match	Heard	Conv. %	Neg %	Avg. Buzz
California (South)	Main Site	✓	4	100%	50%	123.00
Canada	Main Site	✓	12	83%	25%	111.30
Great Lakes	Main Site	✓	4	75%	50%	92.67
Lower Mid-Atlantic	Main Site	✓	9	78%	22%	122.86
Northeast	Main Site	✓	6	83%	50%	108.00
Overflow	Main Site	✓	3	100%	33%	125.33
Southeast	Main Site	✓	8	50%	50%	128.00
UK	Main Site	✓	6	83%	50%	122.40
Upper Mid-Atlantic	Main Site	✓	8	75%	50%	117.17