Round 1: Tossup 15

Light-induced excited spin-state trapping is used to change energies between sets of these entities via spin crossover. Exchange energy is plotted against interatomic distance normalized (-5[1])to the size of one of these entities in Bethe–Slater curves. Unlike MLCT and LCMT bands, transitions between these entities are weak because they are Laporte (-5[1])forbidden. These entities expand in the nephelauxetic (“NEFF-uh-lox-ET-ic”) effect (10[1])upon a decrease in the Racah B parameter. The Jahn–Teller effect describes degeneracy breaking among the e-sub-g and t-sub-2g sets (-5[1])of these entities obtained from crystal field theory. A torus around two lobes (-5[1])characterizes (10[1])the (-5[1])z-squared type of these entities. (10[1])For 10 points, name these entities, partially filled in transition metals, whose energies lie between their p and f counterparts. (10[1])■END■ (10[3]0[2])

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