Packet O: Tossup 9

Alan Mikhail’s “revisionist” history about this ruler is named for his adopted title of “God’s Shadow.” This ruler sent a fleet to defeat the first Portuguese siege of Jeddah. This ruler had an enemy ruler hanged on the Bab Zuwayla after the Battle of Ridaniya, concluding a campaign (10[1])that started with the conquest of the Levant at Marj Dabiq. The Kurdish leader Idris Bitlisi aided this ruler in the first state (10[1])persecution of Alevi Muslims. Al-Mutawakkil III apocryphally gave the title of caliph (-5[1])to this man after he took control (10[1])of the three holiest cities of Islam by conquering the Mamluk Sultanate. (10[1]-5[1])This ruler sacked Tabriz (-5[1])after using modern gunpowder (10[1])weapons in the Battle of (-5[1])Chaldiran to defeat Qizilbash cavalry led by Ismail I, (-5[2])the first Safavid Shah. For 10 points, what Ottoman sultan, father to Suleiman, had the epithet “the Grim”? (10[2])■END■ (10[4]0[2])

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