Round 3: Tossup 9

Using twin studies, Ashenfelter and Krueger found that estimates of this practice’s effects can be biased by measurement error. A “transformative” form of this practice results from a “disorienting dilemma” according to Jack Mezirow. (-5[1])Jerome Bruner integrated another model to create a “spiral” version of this practice by including an “exploration” element. Psychological elements like abstraction were identified within four “planes” in a method of this practice applied at the Casa dei Bambini. Benjamin Bloom (10[1])created six (10[1])goals for this practice, (10[1])his namesake “taxonomy.” Raj Chetty (10[1])et (10[1])al. found that Project (-5[1])STAR, a Tennessee experiment about heterogeneity in this practice at early ages, has significant effects on future income. For 10 points, name this practice, which psychologists study using the Montessori method. ■END■ (10[3])

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