Packet C: Tossup 19

Molecular complexes characterized by this process often use bridged phenylene (“phenyl-een”) or naphthalene groups. This process notably does not occur in compounds like dinitrodiphenic (“di-nitro-di-phenic”) acid or BINAP (“BY-nap”), giving them a form of (-5[1])axial chirality (10[1])called atropisomerism (10[5])(“AY-trope-eye-SOM-er-ism”). The prefixes (10[1])“con” (10[1])and “dis” (-5[1])describe (-5[1])a set of these (10[1])processes (10[1])for electrocyclic reactions (10[1])whose stereochemistry (-5[1])is predicted by Woodward–Hoffman (-5[1])rules. (-5[3])This process (-5[1])alternatively (10[1]-5[1])names (10[1])conformers that sample gauche, (-5[1])staggered, (10[1]-5[1])and eclipsed (10[1]-5[1])geometries. (10[4])This process (-5[1])can be depicted using (10[1]-5[1])Newman (10[1])projections. (10[3]-5[3])High energy (-5[1])barriers (-5[1])exist for cis-trans isomerization (10[1]-5[1])because this process does not occur (10[1])about alkenyl (10[1])carbons. (10[3]-5[1])For 10 points, name (10[1])this process (10[2])where a molecule changes torsion angles (10[1])about certain connections (-5[1])between (0[1])two atoms. (10[1]0[1])■END■ (10[7]0[31])

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