Round 3: Tossup 19

Molecular complexes characterized by this process often use bridged phenylene (“phenyl-een”) or naphthalene groups. This process notably does not occur in compounds like dinitrodiphenic (“di-nitro-di-phenic”) acid or BINAP (“BY-nap”), giving them a form of (-5[1])axial chirality called atropisomerism (“AY-trope-eye-SOM-er-ism”). The prefixes “con” and “dis” describe a set of these processes for electrocyclic reactions whose stereochemistry is predicted by Woodward–Hoffman rules. This process alternatively (-5[1])names conformers that sample gauche, (-5[1])staggered, (-5[1])and eclipsed geometries. This process can be depicted using Newman projections. (10[1])High energy barriers exist for cis-trans isomerization because this process does not occur about alkenyl carbons. For 10 points, name this process where a molecule changes torsion angles about certain connections between two atoms. ■END■ (10[1]0[3])

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