Round 2: Tossup 19

Molecular complexes characterized by this process often use bridged phenylene (“phenyl-een”) or naphthalene groups. This process notably does not occur in compounds like dinitrodiphenic (“di-nitro-di-phenic”) acid or BINAP (“BY-nap”), giving them a form of axial chirality (10[1])called atropisomerism (“AY-trope-eye-SOM-er-ism”). The prefixes “con” (10[1])and “dis” describe a set of these processes for electrocyclic reactions whose stereochemistry is predicted by Woodward–Hoffman rules. This process alternatively names conformers that sample gauche, staggered, and eclipsed geometries. This process can be depicted using (10[1])Newman projections. High energy barriers exist for cis-trans isomerization because this process does not occur about alkenyl carbons. For 10 points, name this process where a molecule changes torsion angles about certain connections between two atoms. ■END■ (10[1]0[3])

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