Round 3: Tossup 19

Molecular complexes characterized by this process often use bridged phenylene (“phenyl-een”) or naphthalene groups. This process notably does not occur in compounds like dinitrodiphenic (“di-nitro-di-phenic”) acid or BINAP (“BY-nap”), giving them a form of axial chirality called atropisomerism (“AY-trope-eye-SOM-er-ism”). The prefixes “con” and “dis” describe a set of these processes for electrocyclic reactions whose stereochemistry is predicted by Woodward–Hoffman rules. This process alternatively names conformers that sample gauche, staggered, and eclipsed geometries. This process (-5[1])can be depicted using Newman projections. High energy barriers exist for cis-trans isomerization because this process does not occur about alkenyl carbons. For 10 points, name this process (10[1])where a molecule changes torsion angles about certain connections between two atoms. ■END■ (0[1])

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