Packet K: Tossup 8

The dynamics of three of these phenomena in a Sod tube are simulated in a standard benchmark for CFD simulations. The formation of a localized one of these phenomena violated ergodicity and prevented thermalization in the FPUT experiment. The intersection of characteristics generates a discontinuity representing one of these (10[1])phenomena in the inviscid Burgers’ equation. (10[2]-5[1])A third spatial derivative term causes one of these phenomena to undergo nonlinear dispersion (10[1])in the Korteweg–de (10[2])Vries equation. (10[5])A (10[1])class (10[1])of (10[1])these (10[1])phenomena (10[2])that maintain (10[3])their shape during propagation (10[3])are called (10[3])solitons. (10[7]-5[1])These phenomena (10[2])may undergo steepening (-5[1])when their crests (10[1])move (10[1])faster (10[1])than their (10[3])troughs. (10[3])For (10[1])10 points, (10[5]-5[1])name these (10[1])oscillatory (10[1])disturbances (10[1])that transfer energy through a medium. (10[1])■END■ (10[6])

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